0D/2D Nanomaterials Heterostructures for High-Performance Photodetectors: Combining Quantum Dots With 2D Materials

Heterostructured 0D and 2D materials are at the forefront of materials science and nanotechnology due to their unique and often complementary properties. 0D nanocrystals, such as quantum dots, possess size-dependent unique optical, and electronic properties due to quantum confinement along with high reactivity and selectivity. On the other hand, 2D materials are robust, flexible, and possess tunable bandgap properties according to their thickness. Addressing these benefits is crucial for advancing practical applications and realizing the full potential of 0D/2D heterostructured materials. It has opened a rich playground in material science for innovation due to its combined and often enhanced properties. The combined unique properties of 2D materials, such as ultrathin thickness, cost-effective production, a wide range of bandgaps, and optoelectronic properties of 0D materials have positioned them as crucial players in photodetection performance. Despite significant progress over the last decade, challenges remain, including the need for high-quality material growth and improved quantum efficiency. The review summarizes recent developments in heterostructured 0D-2D material-based photodetectors, highlighting key parameters, mechanisms, and strategies for enhancing device performance, ultimately serving as a guide for future practical applications in this field.