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The Reliability of Horizontal Assessment for Scoring Physiotherapy Entrance Interviews and Optimizing Rater

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A fully horizontal admissions review for physiotherapy candidates significantly improved interrater reliability (0.82) compared to vertical (0.63) and partial horizontal (0.75) formats. Optimizing rater resources involves increasing interview questions with separate raters per question for enhanced reliability.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Health Professions Education
  • Admissions Processes

Background:

  • Assessing physiotherapy candidates requires reliable admissions reviews.
  • Previous research indicated partial horizontal reviews improved reliability over vertical reviews.
  • This study investigates a fully horizontal review format for enhanced reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the interrater reliability of a fully horizontal admissions review for physiotherapy candidates.
  • To compare the reliability of fully horizontal reviews with previous partial horizontal and vertical review formats.
  • To present a method for optimizing admissions rater resource allocation to improve reliability.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective data from Canadian physiotherapy program admissions reviewers (2021-2023) were analyzed.
  • Asynchronous Virtual Multiple-Mini Interviews (AVMMI) data were used to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard errors of measurement (SEM).
  • Generalizability models were created to identify variance components related to candidate and rater variables, including the number of raters and questions.

Main Results:

  • The 2023 fully horizontal review achieved an interrater reliability of 0.82, compared to 0.63 for 2020 vertical and 0.75 for 2021 partial horizontal reviews.
  • The highest generalizability coefficient (G) and smallest SEM were observed with the format of 2 raters per question and 7 questions.
  • Variance component analysis identified optimal rater allocation strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The fully horizontal admissions review format demonstrably increases rater reliability and reduces error variance.
  • When rater resources are limited, increasing interview questions and assigning a separate rater per question is more effective than reducing questions with multiple raters.
  • This approach enhances the efficiency and accuracy of physiotherapy program admissions reviews.