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Bacteria Causing Skin Abscesses in French Guiana, Amazonian Zone
Karamba Sylla1, Vincent Sainterose2, Xinggang Lu3
1Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guyane, French Guiana, France.
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|February 10, 2026
Summary
In Amazonia, skin abscesses are often caused by Gram-negative bacteria like Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonas hydrophila, particularly after snakebites or with water exposure. Empiric antibiotic therapy should target these specific pathogens for effective treatment.
Area of Science:
- Tropical medicine
- Infectious diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Cutaneous abscesses are common in Amazonia, but causative agents differ from temperate regions.
- Environmental factors in the Amazon may influence the microbial profile of skin infections.
- Staphylococcus aureus dominates abscesses in temperate zones, necessitating regional data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify infectious agents responsible for cutaneous abscesses in French Guiana.
- To explore associations between specific pathogens and clinical factors or complications.
- To inform empiric antibiotic treatment strategies in the Amazon region.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective monocentric study of 118 patients with drained abscesses (Jan 2023-Jan 2024).
- Inclusion criteria: patients >18 years with positive microbiological specimens.
- Analysis included Gram staining, bacterial identification, and association with clinical data.
Main Results:
- Gram-positive cocci (75%, mainly S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacilli (36%) were identified.
- Snakebites caused 14% of abscesses.
- Group 3 Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and waterborne Enterobacteriaceae were linked to lower limb location, snakebites, water exposure, and polymicrobial infections.
Conclusions:
- In Amazonia, empiric antibiotic therapy for lower limb or snakebite-related abscesses should include coverage for Group 3 Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonas species.
- Group 3 Enterobacteriaceae infections correlated with complications.
- Waterborne Enterobacteriaceae were associated with informal housing, suggesting environmental links.
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