Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

48.4K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
48.4K
Counterfactual Thinking01:19

Counterfactual Thinking

278
Counterfactual thinking is a cognitive process wherein individuals mentally reconstruct alternative versions of past events, often beginning with “what if” or “if only.” This reflective mechanism plays a significant role in shaping emotional experiences and guiding future behavior. Though typically triggered by unfavorable or unexpected outcomes, counterfactual thinking can also emerge in mundane, everyday decisions and experiences, revealing its deep entrenchment in...
278
Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

29.0K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
29.0K
Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory01:27

Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory

1.2K
Abraham Maslow's theory of motivation, introduced in 1943, is widely known as the "Hierarchy of Needs." This theory posits that human needs are arranged in a hierarchical structure, starting with basic survival needs and progressing toward more complex psychological and self-fulfillment desires. The hierarchy is typically a pyramid, and the lower needs must be satisfied to reach the next level.
At the pyramid's base are physiological needs, including food, water, and shelter...
1.2K
Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

6.3K
The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
6.3K
Critical Thinking01:19

Critical Thinking

1.2K
Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
Colleges and universities are...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mastering Low-Cost Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy using Fluorescein Sodium and Methylene Blue Dye: Evaluating its Learning Curve in Breast Cancer Surgery.

Indian journal of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Low-cost peranal minimally invasive surgery in a resource-limited setting: Development and clinical application of a locally made port.

Tropical doctor·2026
Same author

Evaluation of Surgeons' Perspectives and Perceived Readiness to Adopt Minimally Invasive Breast Surgery in a Low- and Middle-Income Setting.

World journal of surgery·2026
Same author

Low-Cost Dual-Dye Axillary Reverse Mapping in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Phase I Feasibility and Arm-Related Quality of Life Outcomes Study.

World journal of surgery·2026
Same author

How (not) to save the world in seven days: A survival guide for the short-term global surgery mission trip.

Tropical doctor·2026
Same author

VIP syndrome: when importance becomes a medical risk factor.

Postgraduate medical journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.6K

Beyond randomisation: Re-thinking evidence hierarchies in global surgery.

Dhananjaya Sharma1

  • 1Head (Retd), Department of Surgery, Government NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur, MP, India.

Tropical Doctor
|February 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) dominate surgical evidence, but this overlooks crucial innovations in low-income countries. Methodological pluralism is vital for equitable global surgery research.

Keywords:
Global surgeryevidence hierarchiesfrugal surgical innovationsobservational studiesqualitative researchrandomised controlled trials

More Related Videos

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery
08:47

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Published on: January 19, 2022

13.3K
Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents
00:08

Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents

Published on: October 6, 2008

70.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.6K
Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery
08:47

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Published on: January 19, 2022

13.3K
Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents
00:08

Survivable Stereotaxic Surgery in Rodents

Published on: October 6, 2008

70.2K

Area of Science:

  • Global Surgery
  • Medical Research Methodology
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are highly valued in evidence-based medicine, influencing surgical research evaluation.
  • An overemphasis on RCTs risks marginalizing other essential evidence forms, particularly in global surgery.
  • Surgical innovations in low- and middle-income countries often stem from locally developed, contextually relevant research using observational and qualitative methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for methodological pluralism in surgical research.
  • To challenge the exclusive reliance on RCTs as the sole measure of scientific legitimacy.
  • To promote an inclusive evidence paradigm for global surgery.

Main Methods:

  • This paper presents a critical analysis of current evidence hierarchies in surgical research.
  • It reviews the role of observational and qualitative research in resource-constrained settings.
  • It proposes integrating diverse methodologies within frameworks like IDEAL.

Main Results:

  • Exclusive reliance on RCTs perpetuates epistemic inequities and ignores realities in resource-limited settings.
  • Observational and qualitative studies offer valuable, context-specific evidence for surgical advancements.
  • Methodological pluralism can enhance the relevance, equity, and impact of global surgery.

Conclusions:

  • A broader acceptance of diverse research methodologies is essential for global surgery.
  • Recognizing the value of observational and qualitative studies alongside RCTs promotes health equity.
  • An inclusive evidence paradigm is crucial for advancing surgical care worldwide.