Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 12, 2026
12:43
A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
Published on: February 21, 2011
36.0K
Effect of Phonation Type on Maximum Phonation Time
Filipa M B Lã1, Johan Sundberg2, Santiago Barreda3
1Faculty of Education, Department of Didactics, School Organization and Special Didactics, National University of Distance Learning (UNED), UNEDVoiceLab, Calle Juan del Rosal 14, Madrid 28040, Spain.
Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|February 10, 2026
Summary
Maximum phonation time (MPT) varies with airflow and phonation type. Flow rate is a stronger predictor of MPT than phonation type, but controlling for phonation type is crucial when MPT data is unavailable.
Area of Science:
- Speech and Hearing Science
- Acoustic Phonetics
- Vocal Pedagogy
Background:
- Maximum phonation time (MPT) is a key measure of phonatory function.
- MPT is influenced by laryngeal valving, specifically glottal closure and airflow.
- Phonation types, from Breathy to Pressed, affect vocal fold adduction and airflow.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of phonation type and airflow on MPT.
- To determine the relative contributions of flow rate and phonation type to MPT.
- To hypothesize that Pressed and Breathy phonations represent MPT extremes.
Main Methods:
- 14 experienced singers sustained the vowel /a/ under Breathy, Flow, Neutral, and Pressed phonation conditions.
- Audio and lung volume were recorded, with real-time feedback to maintain sound level and fundamental frequency.
- Multilevel Bayesian models were employed to analyze the relationship between flow rate, phonation, and MPT.
Main Results:
- MPT demonstrated significant variation based on both flow rate and phonation type.
- Flow rate emerged as a more substantial standalone predictor of MPT than phonation type.
- Differences in phonation type may account for considerable variation in previously published MPT data.
Conclusions:
- MPT remains a valuable metric for assessing phonatory function, even without direct flow data, when phonation type is considered.
- Future research comparing MPT data should standardize or account for phonation type.
- Understanding the interplay between airflow, phonation type, and MPT is essential for accurate vocal assessment.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Maximum Deflection
1.1K
When analyzing beams under unsymmetrical loads, such as a train moving on a bridge, it is crucial to accurately determine the points of maximum stress and deflection. The process involves identifying the maximum deflection of the beam, which may not always occur at its midpoint due to the uneven distribution of the load.
The maximum deflection occurs at a specific point, known as point O, where the tangent to the deflection curve is horizontal. To find point O, the slope of the tangent at any...
The maximum deflection occurs at a specific point, known as point O, where the tangent to the deflection curve is horizontal. To find point O, the slope of the tangent at any...
1.1K
01:16Maximum Power Transfer
950
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
By substituting the entire circuit with...
950
01:12Maximum Size of Aggregate
569
The maximum size of aggregate is defined as the aperture of the sieve retaining 15 percent or more of the particles present in the aggregate sample. The aggregate's maximum size impacts the concrete's water requirement, workability, and strength. Larger aggregates reduce the surface area needing cement paste coverage, which can lower water needs, thereby allowing a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio when the desired workability and richness of the mix are to be maintained, which can...
569
01:20The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
1.2K
Consider a linear AC Thevenin equivalent circuit connected to a load impedance.
The load connected draws the current, and the circuit delivers the power to the load. The alternating current flowing through the load is determined using the rectangular form of voltages, currents, network impedance, and load impedance. The average power delivered to the load is obtained from the product of the square of current and load resistance.
The load connected draws the current, and the circuit delivers the power to the load. The alternating current flowing through the load is determined using the rectangular form of voltages, currents, network impedance, and load impedance. The average power delivered to the load is obtained from the product of the square of current and load resistance.
1.2K
01:23Maximum Power Flow and Line Loadability
623
The maximum power flow for lossy transmission lines is derived using ABCD parameters in phasor form. These parameters create a matrix relationship between the sending-end and receiving-end voltages and currents, allowing the determination of the receiving-end current. This relationship facilitates calculating the complex power delivered to the receiving end, from which real and reactive power components are derived.
623
01:20Determination of Michaelis Constant and Maximum Elimination Rate
489
The Michaelis constant (KM) and the theoretical maximum process rate (Vmax) are vital parameters in the Michaelis-Menten equation, central to many biochemical reactions. They provide essential insights into enzyme kinetics and drug metabolism.
These parameters can be estimated by analyzing plasma concentration data post-drug administration. A notable example of this application is phenytoin, a drug with capacity-limited kinetics. It's recommended that phenytoin should be administered at two...
These parameters can be estimated by analyzing plasma concentration data post-drug administration. A notable example of this application is phenytoin, a drug with capacity-limited kinetics. It's recommended that phenytoin should be administered at two...
489