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Effect of Phonation Type on Maximum Phonation Time.

Filipa M B Lã1, Johan Sundberg2, Santiago Barreda3

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Summary

Maximum phonation time (MPT) varies with airflow and phonation type. Flow rate is a stronger predictor of MPT than phonation type, but controlling for phonation type is crucial when MPT data is unavailable.

Keywords:
Flow rateMaximum phonation timePhonation type

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Area of Science:

  • Speech and Hearing Science
  • Acoustic Phonetics
  • Vocal Pedagogy

Background:

  • Maximum phonation time (MPT) is a key measure of phonatory function.
  • MPT is influenced by laryngeal valving, specifically glottal closure and airflow.
  • Phonation types, from Breathy to Pressed, affect vocal fold adduction and airflow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of phonation type and airflow on MPT.
  • To determine the relative contributions of flow rate and phonation type to MPT.
  • To hypothesize that Pressed and Breathy phonations represent MPT extremes.

Main Methods:

  • 14 experienced singers sustained the vowel /a/ under Breathy, Flow, Neutral, and Pressed phonation conditions.
  • Audio and lung volume were recorded, with real-time feedback to maintain sound level and fundamental frequency.
  • Multilevel Bayesian models were employed to analyze the relationship between flow rate, phonation, and MPT.

Main Results:

  • MPT demonstrated significant variation based on both flow rate and phonation type.
  • Flow rate emerged as a more substantial standalone predictor of MPT than phonation type.
  • Differences in phonation type may account for considerable variation in previously published MPT data.

Conclusions:

  • MPT remains a valuable metric for assessing phonatory function, even without direct flow data, when phonation type is considered.
  • Future research comparing MPT data should standardize or account for phonation type.
  • Understanding the interplay between airflow, phonation type, and MPT is essential for accurate vocal assessment.