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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

In Vivo Vascular Permeability Detection in Mouse Submandibular Gland
Published on: August 4, 2022
Hypersensitive detection of single millimeter vascular emboli from adhesive in vivo
Ruihan Liu1, Shuo Li1, Xingyu Gao1
1School of Medical Imaging, Division of Medical Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Abstract:
Surgical adhesives are widely used in clinical practice but pose a significant risk of severe vascular embolism complications. Nevertheless, there are currently no non-invasive direct methods for precise detection of detached emboli. Herein, we show a CT-visualized method for hypersensitive detection of single millimeter vascular emboli from adhesive in vivo by simply doping BiOCl into surgical adhesives. As proof of concept, BiOCl-BioGlue with excellent CT imaging capability is fabricated and applied to repair ruptured vessels and liver in male rats. The location, morphology, and degradation process of BiOCl-BioGlue can be dynamically monitored by CT imaging for 42 days, and pulmonary emboli caused by BiOCl-BioGlue, with sizes as small as 1.2 mm, are successfully detected. Additionally, the high K-edge of Bi enables precise detection of pulmonary emboli in spectral CT imaging, unaffected by confounding calcifications. The proposed non-invasive detection strategy for adhesive emboli significantly enhances the biosafety of surgical adhesives.
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