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Bacteremia during barium enema study.

J Butt, D Hentges, G Pelican

    AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
    |April 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Barium enema procedures rarely cause bacteremia (bacteria in the bloodstream). When it occurred in this study, it was transient and without serious complications, suggesting antibiotics are not typically needed for these procedures.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Medical Microbiology

    Background:

    • Bacteremia can occur during invasive gastrointestinal procedures.
    • The risk of bacteremia during barium enema examinations is not well-established.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence and characteristics of bacteremia following barium enema.
    • To compare bacteremia rates during barium enema with those during colonoscopy.

    Main Methods:

    • Blood cultures were obtained from 34 patients before, during, and after barium enema.
    • Two sampling schedules were used: once during the procedure and four times during the procedure.
    • Isolated organisms were identified.

    Main Results:

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    • No positive cultures were observed with the single-sampling schedule.
    • 23% of patients in the four-times sampling group showed transient bacteremia.
    • Isolated organisms were predominantly anaerobes.
    • Bacteremia was self-limited without severe clinical outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacteremia during barium enema is infrequent and transient.
    • The incidence is comparable to that seen during colonoscopy.
    • Routine antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for most patients undergoing colonic diagnostic procedures.
    • Further research is needed for high-risk patient selection for prophylaxis.