Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

1.6K
The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
The α0 and α1 values...
1.6K
Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

Classifying Matter by Composition

91.5K
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition throughout with uniform properties. For example, any sample of sucrose has the same composition and same physical properties, such as melting point, color, and sweetness, regardless of the source from which it is isolated. 
A mixture is composed of two or...
91.5K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.9K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.9K
Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH01:19

Composition of Polyprotic Acid Solutions as a Function of pH

870
Polyprotic acids of the type H2M constitute two ionizable protons. As a result, on titration with a base, they exhibit two equivalence points in the titration curve. During titration, the species H2M, HM−, and M2− will be present in the solution at different points. The fractions of H2M, HM−, and M2− present at the various instances of the titration are denoted by α0, α1, and α2, respectively.
A graph with the alpha values is plotted against the volume of...
870
Sperm Structure and Semen Composition01:22

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

11.5K
During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...
11.5K
Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions03:03

Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

72.7K
Chemical substances interact in many different ways. Certain chemical reactions exhibit common patterns of reactivity. Due to the vast number of chemical reactions, it becomes necessary to classify them based on the observed patterns of interaction.
72.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electrothermal Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol Over Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Resolving Microscale Selectivity of Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Using Hybrid Dual-Probe Scanning Electrochemical Cell Microscopy.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Coupling Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction With Ethanol Oxidation for Acetate Production in a Dual-Electrolyzer System.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Evolve with your research: stepwise system evolution from document-driven to fact-centric research data management in materials science.

Journal of cheminformatics·2026
Same author

Magnetic properties of high-entropy alloy nanostructures: general discussion.

Faraday discussions·2026
Same author

Local Activity and Selectivity Hotspots in Cu-Pt Model Thin-Film Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction.

Small methods·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Localized Bathless Metal-Composite Plating via Electrostamping
08:05

Localized Bathless Metal-Composite Plating via Electrostamping

Published on: September 22, 2020

4.6K

Compositional and Structural Impact on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity across Noble-Metal-Based

Natalia Pukhareva1, Moonjoo Kim2, Felix Thelen1

  • 1Chair for Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.

ACS Electrochemistry
|February 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Compositionally complex solid solutions (CCSS) show promise for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts. This study reveals how surface segregation in CCSS, driven by composition, dictates HER activity and uncovers synergistic effects between elements.

Keywords:
combinatorial synthesishigh-throughput screeninghydrogen evolution reactionscanning electrochemical cell microscopysurface segregationthin-film materials libraries

More Related Videos

Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites
08:08

Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites

Published on: November 9, 2019

14.0K
Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Localized Bathless Metal-Composite Plating via Electrostamping
08:05

Localized Bathless Metal-Composite Plating via Electrostamping

Published on: September 22, 2020

4.6K
Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites
08:08

Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites

Published on: November 9, 2019

14.0K
Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Compositionally complex solid solutions (CCSS), also known as high-entropy alloys (HEAs), are emerging as advanced electrocatalyst platforms.
  • Understanding the intricate relationship between surface composition, crystal structure, and catalytic performance in CCSS for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial but remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure-composition-activity relationships in noble-metal-based CCSS thin films for HER.
  • To elucidate the role of surface segregation in modulating the catalytic activity of CCSS electrocatalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of three noble-metal-based CCSS thin-film material libraries using combinatorial magnetron sputtering.
  • High-throughput characterization including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Electrochemical evaluation using long-range scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) and correlative data analysis with Gaussian process regression.

Main Results:

  • Surface segregation, driven by surface energy differences, significantly alters the surface composition and distribution of active sites.
  • The most active CCSS composition for HER was identified as Ir10Pd15Pt46Rh12Ru17, with a corresponding surface composition of Ir6Pd17Pt50Rh11Ru16.
  • Hydrogen evolution reaction trends are influenced by both intrinsic elemental activities and significant synergistic effects between constituent elements.

Conclusions:

  • Surface segregation plays a critical role in determining the HER performance of CCSS electrocatalysts.
  • The study provides direct insights into the complex composition-structure-activity relationships governing CCSS electrocatalysts.
  • Findings pave the way for rational design of advanced CCSS electrocatalysts by controlling surface segregation and leveraging synergistic effects.