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Characterizing cognitive workload during simulated surface extravehicular activity with integrated virtual reality.

Steven R Anderson1, Crystal Kirkley2, Alex J Baughman3

  • 1Behavioral Health and Performance Laboratory, Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, Human Health and Performance Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, KBR, Inc., Houston, TX, United States.

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Summary

High cognitive workload during space exploration extravehicular activity (EVA) impacts crew safety. Increasing task difficulty in simulations led to higher workload, lower performance, and altered physiological responses, highlighting risks for lunar and Martian missions.

Keywords:
cognitive workloadhuman spaceflightsurface extravehicular activitytask performancevirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Human Factors and Ergonomics
  • Space Exploration Technology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • High cognitive workload poses a significant risk to crew safety during surface exploration extravehicular activity (EVA).
  • Understanding the specific EVA task characteristics that elevate cognitive workload and impact performance is crucial for mission planning.
  • Current research lacks definitive conclusions on the relationship between EVA task demands and cognitive workload metrics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between experimentally manipulated cognitive workload during a simulated surface EVA and its effects on subjective workload, physiological responses, and task performance.
  • To identify how variations in cognitive demand during EVA tasks influence astronaut performance and safety.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a virtual reality and integrated treadmill setup for extended reality surface EVA simulations.
  • Employed 14 participants who completed simulated surface EVAs with manipulated cognitive workload, specifically varying the difficulty of geological sample identification.
  • Collected data on subjective cognitive workload assessments, physiological responding, and EVA performance outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Increasing the difficulty of geological sample identification significantly elevated subjective cognitive workload.
  • Cognitive performance decreased, and physiological responses were altered with higher cognitive demands.
  • Performance on key EVA tasks was detrimentally affected by increased cognitive workload.

Conclusions:

  • A clear relationship exists between the cognitive demands of surface EVA tasks and both subjective/physiological indicators of cognitive workload.
  • Elevated cognitive demand during EVA tasks leads to decrements in overall EVA task performance.
  • Managing cognitive workload is essential for scheduling and monitoring critical mission tasks during lunar and Martian surface exploration.