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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
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Methionine Intake, Dietary Acid Load, and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-control Study.

Alvaro L Ronco1, Wilner Martínez-López2, Maximilian A Storz3

  • 1Department of Medical Records, National Cancer Institute of Uruguay, Germany.

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|February 11, 2026
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A diet high in acid load and methionine may increase breast cancer risk. Methionine, an amino acid, might play a significant role in this association, potentially through epigenetic mechanisms.

Keywords:
Breast neoplasmsDietary acid loadMethioninePotential renal acid load

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Epidemiology
  • Metabolic Biochemistry

Background:

  • Limited evidence links dietary acid load and methionine intake to cancer risk.
  • Acid stress and metabolic acidosis are implicated in cancer development.
  • Methionine is a key acidogenic amino acid with potential epigenetic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dietary acid load, methionine intake, and breast cancer risk.
  • To re-evaluate preliminary findings on these dietary factors and breast cancer.
  • To explore potential modifying effects of family history and menopausal status.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 572 cases and 2,294 controls in Uruguay.
  • Dietary acid load estimated using the potential renal acid load (PRAL) score.
  • Logistic regression used to calculate odds ratios (OR), adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Significant direct associations found between breast cancer risk and PRAL (OR=3.33) and methionine intake (OR=5.87).
  • Trends for both PRAL and methionine intake were statistically significant (P < 0.001).
  • Higher ORs observed for PRAL and methionine in women with a positive family history of cancer and in premenopausal women.

Conclusions:

  • An acidogenic dietary pattern may elevate breast cancer risk.
  • Methionine intake shows a strong association with breast cancer risk, potentially mediating the effects of acid-base imbalance.
  • Further research into methionine's epigenetic influences on cancer development is warranted.