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Ferroptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells: Current status and future developments

Wen Liu1, Wenwen Li, Dan Wang

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 11, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, impacts retinal pigment epithelial cells. Understanding ferroptosis mechanisms and its link to retinal diseases like AMD is crucial for future treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are vital for retinal health.
  • Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent cell death, is increasingly studied in RPE cells.
  • Dysregulation of RPE cells contributes to retinal pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of ferroptosis in RPE cells.
  • To explore the association between RPE ferroptosis and retinal diseases.
  • To identify future research directions for RPE ferroptosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ferroptosis mechanisms in RPE cells.
  • Analysis of RPE ferroptosis in relation to age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease.
  • Discussion of current research challenges and future strategies.

Main Results:

  • Ferroptosis mechanisms in RPE cells involve iron metabolism imbalance, lipid peroxidation, and GSH-GPX4 system impairment.
  • Ferroptosis is linked to age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease.
  • Complex regulatory networks and precise intervention strategies require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Ferroptosis plays a significant role in RPE cell dysfunction and retinal diseases.
  • Further research into RPE ferroptosis mechanisms and therapeutic interventions is warranted.
  • Understanding ferroptosis offers new insights for preventing and treating retinal diseases.
Keywords:
Age-related macular degenerationferroptosisiron metabolism imbalanceretinaretinal pigment epithelial cells

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