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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

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Complement 3 Glomerulopathy Revisited: Bridging Pathogenesis and Therapy in the New Era

Federico Yandian1, Fernando C Fervenza2, Fernando Caravaca-Fontán3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Clínicas "Dr. Manuel Quintela", Montevideo, Uruguay.

Advances in Kidney Disease and Health
|February 11, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Complement 3 glomerulopathy is a rare kidney disease. New treatments offer hope, but knowledge gaps remain for managing this complex condition and preventing kidney failure.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Complement 3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a rare, heterogeneous kidney disease.
  • Characterized by abnormal complement component deposition in glomeruli, leading to inflammation and kidney function decline.
  • Current treatments are limited, with high rates of kidney failure and post-transplant recurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the heterogeneity of C3G.
  • To examine emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • To highlight advancements in managing C3G.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of C3G pathophysiology, genetics, and treatment trials.
  • Analysis of current therapeutic options and their outcomes.
  • Discussion of knowledge gaps and future directions.

Main Results:

  • C3G exhibits significant heterogeneity in pathophysiology, with genetic variants and autoantibodies playing roles.
  • Despite limited current treatments, recent clinical trials show promising results.
  • Significant knowledge gaps persist in understanding and managing C3G.

Conclusions:

  • C3G management requires addressing its heterogeneous nature.
  • Emerging therapies offer potential for improved patient outcomes.
  • Further research is crucial to overcome knowledge gaps and optimize C3G treatment.

Keywords:
C3 glomerulopathyComplement genetic testingIptacopanPegcetacoplanProteinuria

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