Morphometrıc evaluatıon of patıents wıth mandıbular hypomobılıty due to coronoıd process hyperplasıa usıng cone beam computed tomography

PURPOSE: Mandibular hypomobility is a condition in which the jaw joint is restricted due to various causes, including temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), ankylosis, head and neck infections and tumors, coronoid processes hyperplasia (CPH), and trismus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the coronoid processes (CP) of patients diagnosed with CPH and other anatomical structures and to investigate how this affects temporomandibular hypomobility. METHODS: The study included cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 10 patients diagnosed with mandibular hypomobility due to bilateral CPH and 30 healthy individuals who underwent CBCT for other reasons (implant placement, impacted teeth, etc.). CBCT sections were used to measure condyle length (H1), CP length (H2), CP length over the zygomatic arch (H3), ramus length (H4), horizontal distance between CP and zygomatic arch (D), and the angle between CP and the mandibular plane (MP). RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found between the mean Cr-MP angles on the right and left sides in the study group (p = 0.031). Significant differences were observed between the study and control groups in H2, H2/H1, H3, H3/H2, H2/H4, and D distance measurements (p < 0.001). Additionally, a significant difference in the CP-MP angle was found between the groups (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that, in addition to CP length, factors such as the H2/H1 ratio, CP-MP angle, D distance, and H3 also influence mouth opening restriction.