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Functional Vulnerability Arises From Unsteady Trait-Based Networks Despite High Redundancy.

Songhao Ji1,2,3, Hugh J MacIsaac2,3,4, Chengzhi Ding1,5,6

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Community functional structural steadiness, a new metric, reveals why species redundancy doesn't always prevent ecosystem vulnerability. Protecting unique species in unsteady communities is crucial for conservation.

Keywords:
ecological networkfreshwater fishfunctional redundancyfunctional similarity networkfunctional structurefunctional vulnerability

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Ecosystem Function

Background:

  • Theoretical models propose functional redundancy buffers ecosystem vulnerability, but empirical evidence shows this effect is weak.
  • This study hypothesizes that the structural arrangement of redundancy, not just its presence, influences ecosystem stability.
  • Differences in how species loss impacts community structure may explain the limited buffering effect of redundancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel network-based metric: community functional structural steadiness.
  • To investigate the relationship between functional redundancy, vulnerability, and structural steadiness in riverine fish communities.
  • To improve predictions of ecosystem vulnerability by incorporating structural aspects of redundancy.

Main Methods:

  • Developed 'community functional structural steadiness' to quantify the impact variability of species loss on community functional structure.
  • Calculated functional redundancy, vulnerability, and structural steadiness for fish communities in the Lancang-Mekong River basin.
  • Employed linear regressions, mixed-effects models, and piecewise structural equation modelling to analyze interrelationships.

Main Results:

  • Community functional structural steadiness significantly improved predictions of ecosystem vulnerability beyond functional redundancy alone.
  • Ecosystems with structurally unsteady arrangements showed high vulnerability, even with high functional redundancy.
  • Identified specific structural patterns that determine whether redundancy effectively buffers against species loss.

Conclusions:

  • The structural arrangement of species' functions is critical for ecosystem stability and resilience.
  • Conservation strategies should prioritize identifying and protecting functionally unique species within structurally unsteady communities.
  • This approach is particularly relevant for biodiversity-rich regions like the Lancang-Mekong River basin.