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Comparing Pregnant and Postpartum Client and Provider Feedback on a Digital Health Intervention for Substance Use

Hannah Szlyk1, Layna Paraboschi1, Lucy Meigs1

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This study refined a mobile health intervention for pregnant and postpartum individuals with substance use disorders by involving users and providers. Findings emphasize user-informed design for better engagement and recovery outcomes.

Keywords:
mHealthmobile healthpostpartumpregnant peoplesubstance use disordersuser-centered design

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Substance Use Disorder Treatment
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Mobile (m)health interventions show promise for expanding access to substance use disorder (SUD) treatment for pregnant and postpartum individuals.
  • Excluding lived experience and provider input in mHealth development can limit usability, cultural relevance, and practical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engage pregnant and postpartum individuals and substance use providers in formative evaluation.
  • To refine a mobile health intervention designed to support recovery for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Formative evaluation involving 11 pregnant/postpartum participants and 13 substance use providers.
  • Participants reviewed an mHealth intervention and provided feedback via surveys and semi-structured interviews on usability and compatibility.
  • Comparative analysis of survey responses and qualitative themes between groups, with post hoc analysis of app user vs. non-user differences.

Main Results:

  • Both groups desired simplified navigation and personalized content for the mHealth intervention.
  • The e-coaching and resource directory features were valued; however, pregnant/postpartum individuals specifically requested content on craving management, emotional triggers, and parenting stress.
  • Differences in race, education, and household characteristics between app users and non-users highlighted structural barriers to engagement.

Conclusions:

  • Engaging end-users and providers in formative evaluation is crucial for mHealth intervention design, revealing both shared and unique priorities.
  • User-informed development is essential for enhancing usability, engagement, and recovery outcomes, particularly for individuals facing barriers to traditional or digital treatment.