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Related Concept Videos

The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

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The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
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Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
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Related Experiment Video

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Oncogenic crosstalk between ErbB2, nucleolin and Ras.

Gal Zysman1, Adva Kochavi1, Roni Haklai1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv 69978, Israel.

Cellular Signalling
|February 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Activated Ras enhances the oncogenic effects of ErbB2 and nucleolin (NCL) by promoting their interaction. This interaction drives tumor growth, offering potential therapeutic targets for ErbB2-overexpressing cancers.

Keywords:
ErbB/HERNucleolin (NCL)RasSignal transductionTyrosine kinase

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Overexpression of ErbB receptors and mutant Ras are key drivers of cancer.
  • Nucleolin (NCL) interacts with and activates ErbB receptors, including ErbB1.
  • Activated Ras can enhance the interaction between nucleolin and ErbB receptors, promoting tumor growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between ErbB2, Ras, and nucleolin (NCL) in cancer development.
  • To explore how H-Ras (12V) influences the interaction between ErbB2 and NCL.

Main Methods:

  • Cell biology techniques
  • Biochemistry methods
  • Proximity ligation assay

Main Results:

  • H-Ras (12V) enhances the interaction between NCL and ErbB2, with co-localization observed at the plasma membrane and other cellular sites.
  • H-Ras (12V) promotes the formation of ErbB2/NCL complexes, leading to increased ErbB2 phosphorylation and downstream signaling (Erk, Akt).
  • Co-expression of ErbB2, Ras, and NCL enhances colony formation, anchorage-independent growth, and cell migration.

Conclusions:

  • Activated Ras potentiates the oncogenic roles of ErbB2 and NCL through enhanced complex formation.
  • Targeting the ErbB2/Ras/NCL axis presents a potential therapeutic strategy for ErbB2-overexpressing tumors with mutant Ras.