Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Murine Fecal Isolation and Microbiota Transplantation
07:32

Murine Fecal Isolation and Microbiota Transplantation

Published on: May 26, 2023

5.6K

Fecal microbiota transplantation from psychiatric patients to mice - systematic review of methodologies and a call

Antonio Maria D'Onofrio1, Adrian Gomez-Nguyen2,3, Giovanni Camardese4,5

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy.

Translational Psychiatry
|February 11, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) research in psychiatric disorders lacks standardized methods. This review highlights inconsistencies and calls for transparent protocols to improve the microbiome-gut-brain axis field.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is crucial for studying the microbiome-gut-brain axis in psychiatric disorders.
  • Methodological inconsistencies currently hinder progress in this research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight methodological inconsistencies in FMT studies related to the microbiome-gut-brain axis and psychiatric disorders.
  • To provide recommendations for standardized methodologies to enhance research reproducibility.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search identified 31 studies using FMT from human psychiatric patients into rodent models.
  • Analysis focused on variations in rodent models, antibiotic regimens, FMT protocols, and behavioral assessments.

Main Results:

  • Significant heterogeneity was observed across all 31 studies regarding FMT protocols.
  • Inconsistencies were noted in rodent model selection, antibiotic use, FMT procedures, and outcome assessments.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized methodologies are essential for advancing microbiome research in psychiatric disorders.
  • Transparent and rigorous protocols are needed to improve the translational potential of microbiome-gut-brain axis research.

More Related Videos

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model05:41

Therapeutic Evaluation of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in an Interleukin 10-Deficient Mouse Model

Published on: April 6, 2022

3.5K
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection07:06

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection

Published on: December 8, 2014

27.7K

Related Concept Videos

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors

In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
11.1K
Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
Review and Preview01:13

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.6K
Random and Systematic Errors01:20

Random and Systematic Errors

Scientists always try their best to record measurements with the utmost accuracy and precision. However, sometimes errors do occur. These errors can be random or systematic. Random errors are observed due to the inconsistency or fluctuation in the measurement process, or variations in the quantity itself that is being measured. Such errors fluctuate from being greater than or less than the true value in repeated measurements. Consider a scientist measuring the length of an earthworm using a...
15.3K
Systematic Sampling Method01:17

Systematic Sampling Method

Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
13.4K
Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error01:10

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
1.5K