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HBV reprograms the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Xiaodong Shen1, Hechen Huang1, Jianpeng Sheng2

  • 1Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Clinical and Experimental Medicine
|February 11, 2026
PubMed

Keywords:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)ImmunotherapyTumor microenvironment (TME)

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