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Mortality Through 2021 Among Persons Born With Spina Bifida in Metropolitan Atlanta, 1981-2018
Vijaya Kancherla1, Victoria Konrad Markwalter2, Janet Cragan2
1Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Birth Defects Research
|February 11, 2026
Summary
Survival for individuals with spina bifida (SB) has improved, particularly for those with isolated SB. Addressing specific risk factors can further enhance long-term outcomes for the SB population.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Public Health Surveillance
- Birth Defects Research
Background:
- Mortality data for individuals with spina bifida (SB), especially adults, is limited.
- Understanding survival predictors and causes of death is crucial for improving care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate mortality predictors and survival probabilities in individuals with spina bifida (SB).
- To analyze trends in SB survival over time.
Main Methods:
- Utilized surveillance data from the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program linked with Georgia death certificates.
- Employed Kaplan-Meier curves for survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression for risk factor assessment.
Main Results:
- Overall 25- and 35-year survival probabilities were 82% and 75%, respectively.
- Survival improved for isolated SB cases from 1981-1999 to 2000-2018.
- Preterm birth, multiple major birth defects, and upper-level spinal lesions increased mortality risk.
Conclusions:
- Survival rates for isolated spina bifida have improved.
- Targeting age-specific risk factors can further enhance survival in clinical and public health settings.
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