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Genetic components associated with R2 and R4 powdery mildew resistance in hop.

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Scientists identified genetic markers for powdery mildew resistance in hop plants. This discovery aids breeding efforts to develop resistant hop varieties, reducing the need for chemical fungicides.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Genetics
  • Horticulture

Background:

  • Powdery mildew epidemics in hop (Humulus lupulus var. lupulus) cause significant crop losses, necessitating intensive fungicide use.
  • Declining chemical options drive the need for sustainable disease control, such as genetic resistance.
  • Genetic resistance offers a low-chemical input strategy for managing hop powdery mildew.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic basis of powdery mildew resistance in hop.
  • To identify genetic markers associated with resistance to specific powdery mildew races.
  • To facilitate the development of hop varieties with durable, broad-spectrum disease resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotyping of two hop populations (biparental and diversity panel) against a specific powdery mildew isolate.
  • Genotyping using association mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS).
  • Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to resistance genes.

Main Results:

  • A shared genomic region on chromosome 6 was associated with R2 resistance in both populations.
  • An additional resistance allele linked to R4 resistance was identified.
  • Significant SNPs were located near RPM1 disease resistance genes, suggesting their role in resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Validated genetic markers for hop powdery mildew resistance are now available for breeding programs.
  • These markers enable pyramiding of resistance genes for broader, more durable protection.
  • This research supports varietal control solutions, reducing reliance on chemical fungicides in hop cultivation.