Right Ventricular Myocardial Tuberculosis Misdiagnosed as a Cardiac Tumor

Myocardial tuberculosis is uncommon, and myocardial tuberculosis presenting primarily as proliferative lesions is even rarer. This case report describes a highly unusual clinical presentation characterized by a solid cardiac space-occupying lesion. Both cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography supported the diagnosis of a cardiac tumor, while pathology confirmed tuberculosis. The patient exhibited no clinical symptoms of tuberculous toxicity, no pericardial thickening or calcification, and no signs or symptoms of pericardial effusion. Both clinical manifestations and ancillary investigations supported the diagnosis of a cardiac tumor, which were significant factors contributing to the preoperative misdiagnosis. This highlights the need for increased vigilance to reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.