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Breaking Down Silos: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Mitigate Indoor Airborne Pathogen Transmission
Alex Zhu1, William P Bahnfleth1, Richard Bruns1
1Alex Zhu, MSPH, is a Consultant, Baltimore, MD. William P. Bahnfleth, PhD, PE, is a Professor of Architectural Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA. Richard Bruns, PhD, is a Consultant, Max Welfare, Alexandria, VA. Giorgio Buonanno, PhD, is a Professor, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy. David Fisman, MD MPH, is a Professor, Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Cria O. Gregory, PhD, is Director, Division of State and Local Readiness, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Charles N. Haas, PhD, LD, is the Betz Professor of Environmental Engineering, Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA. Benjamin Jones, EngD, is an Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. Kazukiyo Kumagai, PhD, is Chief, Air Quality Section, California Department of Public Health, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA. Georgia K. Lagoudas, PhD, is a Senior Fellow, Pandemic Center, Brown University School of Public Health, Washington, DC. Yuguo Li, PhD, is Chair Professor of Building Environment, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Alexander Linder, is a PhD Student, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD. Donald Milton, MD, DrPH, is Distinguished University Professor, Department of Global, Environmental, and Occupational Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, and the University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Lidia Morawska, PhD, is a Distinguished Professor, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia, and Vice-Chancellor Fellow, Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, United Kingdom. Scott W. Olesen, PhD, is Team Lead, Medical Countermeasures and Variants, Center for Forecasting and Outbreak Analytics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Washington, DC. Paula Olsiewski, PhD, and Lew Radonovich, MD, are Contributing Scholars, Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, Baltimore, MD. Pawel Wargocki, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, DTU Sustain, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. Gigi K. Gronvall, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
None:
Addressing indoor air quality (IAQ) is essential for reducing respiratory disease risks. In this commentary, we highlight the need for increased connections between typically siloed engineering and health disciplines to tackle remaining IAQ knowledge gaps that, if closed, would enhance IAQ applications and health. We provide actionable insights for policymakers, building designers, and funding agencies, recommending multidisciplinary research to support (1) increasing understanding of the complex and multifactorial variables in human infection, (2) using physical and mathematical models to understand disease transmission, and (3) determining the effectiveness of layered interventions in different environments. Addressing these knowledge gaps will help in the delivery of cost-effective IAQ solutions that reduce infectious disease risks in workplaces, schools, homes, and other indoor environments.
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