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Carbon-dioxide Fixation

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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Controls on Seasonal Atmosphere-Ecosystem Carbon Dioxide Exchanges in a Temperate Salt Marsh.

Jesus Ruiz-Plancarte1,2, Jose D Fuentes1, Karen J McGlathery3

  • 1Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.

Global Change Biology
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Salt marshes are crucial for coastal carbon cycling. Tides and light quality significantly influence carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange, impacting marsh biogeochemistry, especially with changing sea levels and warming temperatures.

Keywords:
Virginiacarboncoastalinundationsalt marshtides

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Area of Science:

  • Coastal biogeochemistry
  • Ecosystem carbon cycling
  • Salt marsh ecology

Background:

  • Salt marshes are vital for coastal biogeochemistry.
  • Biophysical controls on CO2 exchange (Net Ecosystem Exchange - NEE) are poorly quantified.
  • Spartina alterniflora salt marshes are significant carbon sinks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biophysical controls on NEE in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh.
  • To quantify the impact of tidal inundation and light quality on CO2 exchange.
  • To provide data for improving models of tidal marsh biogeochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Eddy-covariance method to estimate half-hourly NEE.
  • Continuous monitoring of CO2 exchange from March 2016 to February 2017.
  • Analysis of NEE in relation to tidal inundation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).

Main Results:

  • Maximum CO2 exchange occurred in June and July, with NEE reaching -10.0 ± 2.5 μmol CO2 m⁻² s⁻¹.
  • Tidal inundation (0.7 m) reduced CO2 assimilation and release.
  • Diffuse light conditions enhanced ecosystem quantum use efficiency (α) threefold compared to direct light, increasing CO2 assimilation by 30%.

Conclusions:

  • Tidal inundation and light quality are key regulators of carbon cycling in tidal marshes.
  • These factors must be integrated into models of tidal marsh biogeochemistry.
  • Understanding these controls is critical given sea level rise and atmospheric warming.