Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Structural Protein Function

Structural Protein Function

Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity. In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to...

Structural Protein Function

Structural Protein Function

Mechanical Protein Functions

Mechanical Protein Functions

Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force.

Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways

Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways

Amino acid biosynthesis is essential for cell growth, protein synthesis, and metabolic regulation. Cells generate essential and non-essential amino acids from metabolic intermediates to sustain vital biological functions. These intermediates originate from key metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Important precursors include α-ketoglutarate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and erythrose-4-phosphate, which...

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...

The Thoracic Cage: Ribs

The Thoracic Cage: Ribs

Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
Parts of a Typical Rib
A typical rib has a head, neck, and body. The posterior end of the rib is called the head, followed by a narrow neck. The head articulates primarily with the costal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

MRI-based breast texture intelligent analysis assists in the diagnosis of BI-RADS category 4 lesions.

European journal of radiology·2026

Same author

Data-driven network diagnostics for optimizing POCUS management: an actionable hospital analytical approach.

BMC health services research·2026

Same author

An AND-Logic Gate-Based Biosensor for Simultaneous Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acids and Nucleocapsid Proteins.

Analytical chemistry·2026

Same author

MRI radiomics for diagnosing small BI-RADS 4 breast lesions: an interpretable model.

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery·2025

Same author

Resveratrol prevents gallstones in mice fed on a high fat diet via regulating PPAR-γ and SR-BI.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2025

Same author

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation-Mediated Photocatalytic Subcellular Hybrid System for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Published on: May 10, 2021

Quantitative functionalization of biosynthetic caged protein materials.

Quan Cheng^1,2, Xuan Wang¹, Xian-En Zhang^3,4,5

¹College of Life Sciences and Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China.

Quantitative Biology (Beijing, China)

|February 12, 2026

Summary

Protein nanocages (PNCs) offer versatile platforms for advanced applications. This review details methods for precise quantitative functionalization of PNCs, crucial for developing novel PNC-based materials and devices.

Keywords:

chemical modification functionalization genetic modification protein nanocages virus‐like particles

More Related Videos

A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays

A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays

Published on: August 26, 2013

Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

Published on: January 23, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Quantitative Atomic-Site Analysis of Functional Dopants/Point Defects in Crystalline Materials by Electron-Channeling-Enhanced Microanalysis

Published on: May 10, 2021

A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays

A Guided Materials Screening Approach for Developing Quantitative Sol-gel Derived Protein Microarrays

Published on: August 26, 2013

Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

Concurrent Quantitative Conductivity and Mechanical Properties Measurements of Organic Photovoltaic Materials using AFM

Published on: January 23, 2013

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Nanotechnology
Protein Engineering

Background:

Protein nanocages (PNCs) are self-assembling supramolecular structures with desirable properties like monodispersity, biocompatibility, and ease of production.
Precise quantitative functionalization is critical for tailoring PNCs for specific applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current methods for precise quantitative functionalization of protein nanocages.
To highlight the importance of quantitative control in fabricating PNC-based materials and devices.

Main Methods:

The review categorizes functionalization methods into three main groups: genetic modification, chemical modification, and combined approaches.
Discussion includes strategies for modifying the interior surface, exterior surface, and inter-building block interfaces of PNCs.

Main Results:

Various techniques enable precise quantitative control over PNC functionalization.
These methods allow for the development of sophisticated PNC-based platforms for diverse applications.

Conclusions:

This review provides a comprehensive overview of PNC functionalization strategies.
It serves as a valuable resource for researchers working with biosynthetic PNCs across various scientific disciplines.