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Related Concept Videos

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

3
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
3
Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems01:23

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

1
Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
1
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

1
Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
1
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

1
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
1
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

1
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
1
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems

2
Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
2

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
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Programmable next-generation supramolecular self-assembled materials as drug delivery systems.

Hongwei Fu1,2, Weihao Gao2,3, Yixuan Tang2,3

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, PR China.

Bioactive Materials
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Next-generation supramolecular self-assembled materials (SAMs) offer programmable, multifunctional drug delivery systems (DDSs). This review details their design, applications, and future potential for enhanced disease treatment.

Keywords:
Drug delivery systemsNanomedicinesProgrammabilitySelf-assembled materialsSupramolecular

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Supramolecular self-assembly (SA) drives biological complexity and inspires biomimetic drug delivery systems (DDSs) like liposomes and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).
  • Current nanomedicines face challenges in drug stability, targeted delivery, biological barrier penetration, and intracellular release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive analysis of supramolecular self-assembled materials (SAMs) for advanced DDS applications.
  • To define the characteristics and innovative design guidelines for next-generation SAMs, emphasizing programmability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of supramolecular self-assembly mechanisms and historical development of SAMs.
  • Analysis of design strategies for highly programmable, size/morphology-controlled, and multifunctional SAMs.
  • Discussion of recent applications of SAMs in disease treatment.

Main Results:

  • Next-generation SAMs are characterized by high programmability, enabling precise control over size, morphology, and functionality.
  • Innovative design guidelines facilitate the creation of advanced SAMs for drug delivery.
  • SAMs show significant progress in treating various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Rational design of programmable SAMs is crucial for overcoming current DDS limitations.
  • Future strategies focus on enhancing clinical applications of SAM-based DDSs for improved human health.
  • Continued research into SAMs promises to revolutionize drug delivery and disease therapeutics.