Maintenance of a certain rumen protozoal population in a continuous in vitro fermentation system

A continuous culture system suitable for maintaining certain rumen protozoa was developed by modifying the procedure of Walter and Pilgrim (R.A. Weller and A.F. Pilgrim, Br. J. Nutr. 32:341-351, 1974) to include a dialyzing system. The concentration of ciliate protozoa, the pH value, and concentrations of volatile fatty acid and ammonia-N could be maintained within normal rumen limits for more than 15 days by appropriate choice of mechanical agitation and of the amount of substrate and physical form of the substrate bags. The average concentration of protozoa in the free fluid around the substrate was about 10% that in the fluid squeezed from solid digesta residues. More than 10(6) protozoa per ml was present in the fresh substrates only 2 h after supplying the substrate. These facts suggest that sequestration of the protozoa among particulate digesta is an important factor in maintaining the concentration of protozoa.