Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Separation and Identification of Conventional Microplastics from Farmland Soils
Published on: March 21, 2025
Microplastic contamination in commercial and traditional dairy products: occurrence, characteristics, and potential
Sadia Sultana Mitu1, Gopal Chandra Ghosh1, Tapos Kumar Chakraborty1
1Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
Abstract:
This study investigates the occurrence, characteristics, and potential health risks of microplastics (MPs) in fifteen widely consumed dairy products from Bangladesh, including industrial and traditional items. Abundances (MPs/kg) ranged from 1643 ± 94 in strawberry yogurt to 5143 ± 120 in mango milk; among solids, industrial yogurt (4616 ± 103) and milk powder (4159 ± 86) were the most contaminated. Fibers dominated (78-90 %), and polyethylene (68-73 %) plus polypropylene (17-20 %) together accounted for over 88 % of polymers. The diversity integrated index (DII) revealed higher heterogeneity in liquids (up to 0.56) than in solids (as low as 0.32). Hierarchical clustering separated industrial products from flavored and traditional ones, and principal component analysis distinguished packaging-derived polymers from process-related polymers. Contamination factor, pollution load index, and Nemerow pollution index classifications indicated moderate to high pollution in most samples. Polymeric hazard index (8.6-19.3) reflected variation in toxic polymer content. Estimated daily intakes varied significantly-children from 2.60 to 75.08 MP/kg.day and adults from 0.78 to 22.52 MP/kg.day-highlighting age-dependent exposure. These findings underscore the pervasive presence of MPs in dairy products, driven by packaging and processing, and call for standardized mitigation strategies to safeguard consumer health.
Related Concept Videos
Contaminants and Errors
Another key consideration is determining the appropriate number of samples required to...
Characteristics of Life
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
Relative Risk
Cell Potential and Free Energy
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
Decision Making: Traditional Method
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...

