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Updated: Feb 13, 2026
Establishment of Gastric Cancer Patient-derived Xenograft Models and Primary Cell Lines
Published on: July 19, 2019
Anticancer effects of black ginseng extract on human gastric cancer in a xenograft mouse model
Hye Jin Park1, Ha Rin Namkung2, Su Bin Jung2
1Truth and Ginseng Biotechnology Research Co., Ltd. Jinan 55440, Republic of Korea.
Objective:
This study investigated the potential of black ginseng extract (BGE) to prevent and treat gastric cancer by evaluating its effects on the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells and the growth of human gastric tumors implanted in mice.
Materials And Methods:
The antitumor effects of BGE on gastric cancer were evaluated by assessing its cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity in AGS and KATO III gastric cancer cells. Additionally, in a nude mouse model with AGS cell xenografts, tumor volume, weight, size, and body weight were analyzed following oral administration of BGE, red ginseng extract (RGE), or no treatment. Subsequently, the liver and spleen were weighed, and histopathological analysis was performed to assess the non-toxicity of BGE to non-cancerous cells.
Results:
In vitro studies revealed that BGE had significant cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on AGS and KATO III gastric cancer cells. In vivo, oral administration of RGE and BGE to nude mice with AGS cell xenografts resulted in no increase in tumor volume or body weight, while both tumor weight and size were significantly reduced. Notably, the group treated with BGE had significantly smaller tumors and weight than the RGE-treated group. Furthermore, following oral BGE, no significant differences were observed in the weights of the liver and spleen, and no histopathological abnormalities were detected in the organs of the AGS cell xenograft mice.
Conclusions:
BGE exhibited anticancer activity against gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, with no toxicity observed in the major organs.
Insights
Black ginseng extract (BGE) demonstrates significant anticancer effects against gastric cancer cells and tumors in vitro and in vivo. This study confirms BGE
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Oncology
- Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
- Natural Product Research
Background:
- Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
- Traditional medicinal plants, such as ginseng, are increasingly explored for their potential anticancer properties.
- Black ginseng extract (BGE) is a processed form of ginseng with potentially enhanced bioactive compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of black ginseng extract (BGE) in preventing and treating gastric cancer.
- To evaluate the effects of BGE on human gastric cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo.
- To assess the safety and non-toxicity of BGE in a preclinical model.
Main Methods:
- Cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays were performed on human gastric cancer cell lines (AGS and KATO III) treated with BGE.
- A nude mouse xenograft model using AGS cells was established to evaluate BGE's in vivo antitumor effects.
- Tumor growth, weight, size, and animal body weight were monitored after oral administration of BGE or red ginseng extract (RGE).
- Organ weights (liver, spleen) and histopathology were analyzed to assess BGE's toxicity.
Main Results:
- BGE exhibited significant cytotoxic and apoptotic effects against AGS and KATO III gastric cancer cells in vitro.
- Oral administration of BGE significantly reduced tumor weight and size in the mouse xenograft model.
- BGE demonstrated superior efficacy compared to red ginseng extract (RGE) in reducing tumor burden.
- No significant toxicity was observed in major organs (liver, spleen) of mice treated with BGE.
Conclusions:
- Black ginseng extract (BGE) possesses potent anticancer activity against gastric cancer.
- BGE is effective in inhibiting gastric cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth.
- BGE represents a safe and potentially effective natural compound for gastric cancer therapy.
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