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Isolation of CD146+ Resident Lung Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Rat Lungs

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Published on: June 17, 2016

Lymph node resident memory T cells retain effector capabilities by evading lung resident memory dysfunction.

Taylor A Heim¹, Zachary J Rogers¹, Sarah Duquette^1,2

¹Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute for Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|February 12, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Resident memory T cells (T_RM) in lymph nodes (LN_RM) are a distinct population. Unlike lung T_RM, LN_RM are poised for cytotoxicity and are prevalent in human lymph nodes.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology
Systems Biology

Background:

Memory T cells are crucial for adaptive immunity, with distinct subsets like resident memory T cells (T_RM) and central memory T cells (T_CM).
T_RM are typically found in barrier tissues, but their presence and function within lymph nodes (LN_RM) are less understood.
Understanding LN_RM heterogeneity is key to deciphering localized immunity and immune surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the formation, characteristics, and functional differences of resident memory T cells within lymph nodes (LN_RM).
To compare LN_RM with memory T cells in the lung (Lung_RM) and circulating central memory T cells (T_CM).
To identify the molecular mechanisms differentiating these memory T cell subsets.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal antibody labeling to track memory T cell migration after influenza infection.
Epigenetic and transcriptional profiling (including chromatin accessibility) of T cell subsets.
Regulatory network analysis of transcription factors and target gene expression.

Main Results:

CD69⁺CD103⁺ T cells were identified as resident within lymph nodes, distributed across various compartments.
LN_RM exhibited a unique epigenetic and transcriptional profile poised for cytotoxicity, contrasting with Lung_RM which showed exhaustion markers.
LN_RM demonstrated superior proliferative, cytotoxic, and IFNγ-producing capacity upon antigen re-encounter compared to Lung_RM.
LN_RM were found to be the predominant memory T cell subset in human thoracic lymph nodes.

Conclusions:

Lymph node resident memory T cells (LN_RM) represent a distinct and durable immune cell population.
LN_RM possess unique functional properties, bridging characteristics of circulating and tissue-resident memory cells.
These findings reveal significant functional heterogeneity within T_RM populations and highlight LN_RM's importance in immune surveillance and response.