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Fast, accurate, and error-resilient variational quantum noise spectroscopy.

Nanako Shitara1,2, Andrés Montoya-Castillo1

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This study introduces a new method for precisely measuring environmental noise affecting quantum sensors. It improves quantum technology development by accurately characterizing noise sources, revealing previously hidden structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Sensing
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate characterization of decoherence-inducing noise is crucial for advancing quantum technologies and molecular-scale quantum sensors.
  • Existing noise spectroscopy methods often rely on approximations, limiting their accuracy and precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, self-consistent approach for extracting environmental noise spectra from quantum sensor coherence measurements.
  • To overcome limitations of current noise spectroscopies by minimizing assumptions and enhancing resilience to measurement errors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing dynamical decoupling-based coherence measurements to self-consistently extract noise spectra.
  • Implementing confidence intervals and sensitivity measures to guide experimental improvements for spectral reconstruction.
  • Applying the method to a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) sensor in diamond.

Main Results:

  • Successfully reconstructed the noise spectrum of an NV-diamond sensor with unprecedented accuracy.
  • Resolved previously undetected nuclear species at the diamond surface.
  • Revealed that low-frequency noise strength was previously overestimated by an order of magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers a significant advancement in precision noise spectroscopy.
  • It uncovers hidden environmental noise structures, paving the way for improved quantum metrology and sensor development.
  • This technique is essential for the future of robust quantum technologies.