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Identifying Amino Acid Overproducers Using Rare-Codon-Rich Markers
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Interface-Targeting Amino-Acid-Derivative-Based Dipolar Molecular Strategy for High-Performance Zn-I2 Full Batteries.

Dong Wook Kim1,2, Seung Hwa Park1,2, Seongbin Ga3

  • 1Advanced Batteries Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Seongnam 13509, Republic of Korea.

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|February 12, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

4-aminobutyric acid enhances aqueous zinc-iodine batteries by stabilizing interfaces and improving reaction speeds. This functional additive promotes stable zinc deposition and efficient iodine conversion, boosting battery performance and longevity.

Keywords:
Zn metalZn–I2 batteriesamino acidintramolecular interactionpush–pull dipolar molecule

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Aqueous Zn-I2 batteries offer safe, low-cost, high-energy density storage.
  • Key limitations include anode interfacial instabilities (corrosion, dendrites) and cathode issues (slow kinetics, polyiodide shuttling).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate 4-aminobutyric acid (AB) as a functional electrolyte additive for aqueous Zn-I2 batteries.
  • To enhance interfacial stability and electrochemical kinetics through AB's unique molecular structure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 4-aminobutyric acid (AB), an amino acid derivative with a push-pull dipolar structure, as an electrolyte additive.
  • Investigated AB's interaction with Zn2+ ions and iodine species.
  • Performed electrochemical testing on Zn||Zn symmetric cells and Zn-I2 full cells.

Main Results:

  • AB's extended conformation promotes Zn2+ desolvation and (002) directional Zn deposition, suppressing parasitic reactions.
  • AB selectively interacts with iodine, inhibiting polyiodide formation/migration and accelerating redox kinetics.
  • Achieved stable operation of Zn||Zn symmetric cells for >1000 h and high capacity retention (95.8% after 900 cycles) in full cells.

Conclusions:

  • Controlling molecular structure, specifically extended dipolar conformations, is a universal strategy for stabilizing interfaces in aqueous Zn-I2 batteries.
  • 4-aminobutyric acid effectively addresses key challenges in Zn-I2 battery performance.
  • Demonstrated a promising approach for developing next-generation aqueous energy storage systems.