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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

619
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Cardiomyopathy VI: Nursing Management01:29

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Assessment: Nursing management of patients with cardiomyopathy begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's history, including a family history of cardiomyopathy or sudden cardiac death, personal history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and any alcohol consumption or drug use.During the physical examination, assess vital signs, look for signs of heart failure (such as edema, jugular venous distention, and cyanosis), auscultate for abnormal heart sounds (like murmurs and gallops),...
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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
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Squat in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Niloufar Javadi1, Patrycja Galazka1, Matthew Peters1

  • 1Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St Luke's Medical Centers, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

JACC. Case Reports
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prompt squat maneuvers can confirm hemodynamic changes in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Bedside maneuvers like squatting, alongside auscultation, enhance clinical assessment for this condition.

Keywords:
Doppler echocardiographyauscultationleft ventricular outflow tract obstructionobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathysquat

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM) presents unique diagnostic challenges.
  • Auscultation and Doppler echocardiography are key diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the hemodynamic effects of prompt squat maneuvers in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • To highlight the utility of bedside maneuvers in clinical assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Case study involving two patients (50-year-old male, 33-year-old female) with diagnosed obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • Utilized auscultation and Doppler echocardiography.
  • Assessed murmur intensity changes during Valsalva strain, standing, and prompt squat maneuvers.

Main Results:

  • Both patients exhibited systolic ejection murmurs that intensified with Valsalva strain and standing.
  • The murmur disappeared in the first patient and reduced to grade I in the second patient during prompt squat.
  • This represents the first documented confirmation of prompt squat's hemodynamic effects in oHCM.

Conclusions:

  • Bedside maneuvers, specifically prompt squatting, are valuable for assessing obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • Integrating auscultation with advanced imaging techniques improves diagnostic accuracy.