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Green Synthesis of ZnSe Nanoparticles via Laser Fragmentation: Effect of Laser Pulse Energy on Nanoparticle Size and
Patricia Maldonado-Altamirano1, Maria de Los Angeles Hernandez-Perez2, Luis Arturo Martínez-Ara1,3
1Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Edificio 9, U.P.A.L.M., San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
Abstract:
ZnSe nanoparticles were synthesized via the sustainable laser fragmentation in liquids (LFL) technique using a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm. The pulse energy was varied to study its effect on the particle size and vibrational properties. UV-Vis absorption spectra show a blue shift in the absorption edge with a decreasing pulse energy. The sample processed at the lowest pulse energy has the smallest nanoparticles (10.3 nm average), reaches an optical band gap of 2.83 eV, and exhibits a high-energy shoulder attributed to spin-orbit-related transitions. Raman spectra reveal a strong enhancement of the surface phonon mode (231-234 cm-1), where its intensity surpasses that of the longitudinal optical mode, demonstrating the dominant role of surface atoms in the vibrational response. TEM confirms a wide size distribution, i.e., centered at 10.3 ± 6.4 nm, which can account for the simultaneous observation of bulk-like and quantum-confined optical and Raman features. These results show that the pulse energy effectively tunes the nanoparticle size and phonon behavior, positioning LFL as a clean and versatile method for producing ZnSe nanostructures with relevant properties for optoelectronic applications.
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