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The nurse documents nursing diagnoses and enters them into the patient record. The identified patient's nursing diagnosis is either written out with a plan of care or entered into the electronic health record.
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Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
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Magnetic Levitation Coupled with Portable Imaging and Analysis for Disease Diagnostics
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NTDscope: A multi-contrast portable microscope for disease diagnosis.

María Díaz de León Derby1, Zaina L Moussa1, Carlos F Ng1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America.

PLOS Global Public Health
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A new portable microscopy platform, the NTDscope, offers rapid, low-cost diagnostics for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). This device integrates multiple imaging modes and molecular assays, improving access to essential healthcare in endemic regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Microscopy
  • Point-of-Care Testing

Background:

  • Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) require accurate diagnostics for control and elimination.
  • Current diagnostic methods are often slow, labor-intensive, and inaccessible in endemic regions.
  • There is a critical need for portable, rapid, and affordable diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the NTDscope, a novel portable microscopy platform.
  • To demonstrate its capabilities for imaging and automated detection of pathogens.
  • To showcase its potential for integrating diverse diagnostic modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the NTDscope, a portable microscopy platform integrating a system-on-module (SOM).
  • Utilized brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence microscopy for analyzing patient samples.
  • Quantified molecular assays including lateral flow tests and CRISPR-Cas13a assays.

Main Results:

  • The NTDscope successfully imaged microfilariae and helminth eggs.
  • Demonstrated automated detection and quantification of pathogens.
  • Showcased integration with molecular assays for enhanced diagnostic capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The NTDscope offers a versatile, portable solution for diagnosing NTDs at the point-of-care.
  • Combining microscopy, molecular assays, and machine learning expands diagnostic access in underserved areas.
  • This platform has the potential to significantly impact NTD control and elimination efforts globally.