Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

1.2K
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
1.2K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

1.9K
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
1.9K
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

57.3K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.3K
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

1.2K
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
1.2K
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

9.4K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
9.4K
Feedback Loops01:01

Feedback Loops

64.7K
In most cases, excessive hormone production is prevented by negative feedback—a loop that starts with a stimulus inducing the release of a particular substance, like a hormone, to maintain a certain level before triggering a signal that results in a decrease in further release of the hormone.
64.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development and application of a simple LC-MS/MS method for therapeutic drug monitoring to guide colistin dosing in critically Ill patients.

BMC pharmacology & toxicology·2026
Same author

Cell-Type-Specific Synaptic Scaling Mechanisms Differentially Contribute to Associative Learning.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2026
Same author

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and dose adjustment of imipenem in pediatric patients with renal impairment.

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology·2026
Same author

Vertical stratification and functional coupling of antibiotic resistance and carbon metabolism in thermokarst lake sediments.

ISME communications·2026
Same author

Conservative oxygenation strategy may increase ventilator-free days for critically ill patients in intensive care unit.

Journal of intensive medicine·2026
Same author

Novelty beyond counting.

Neuron·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
08:42

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Published on: February 8, 2020

11.3K

Visual experience exerts an instructive role on cortical feedback inputs to the primary visual cortex.

Radhika Rajan1, Rodrigo F Dias1, Nikos Malakasis2

  • 1Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.

Current Biology : CB
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual experience shapes feedback connections in the primary visual cortex (V1). Restricted visual input in mice altered orientation tuning and receptive field properties of feedback inputs, demonstrating experience-dependent plasticity.

Keywords:
cortical feedbackexperience-dependent plasticityhierarchical computationhigher visual areasmouse visual cortexpredictive codingtwo-photon imaging

More Related Videos

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
08:49

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

Published on: January 22, 2018

13.8K
Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback
06:31

Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback

Published on: June 19, 2016

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
08:42

Monocular Visual Deprivation and Ocular Dominance Plasticity Measurement in the Mouse Primary Visual Cortex

Published on: February 8, 2020

11.3K
Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
08:49

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

Published on: January 22, 2018

13.8K
Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback
06:31

Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback

Published on: June 19, 2016

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Visual System

Background:

  • Contextual modulations in the primary visual cortex (V1) rely on feedback (FB) connections.
  • These FB projections may encode environmental statistics, influencing cortical activity.
  • It is unknown if FB connection properties reflect experienced visual statistics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if visual experience shapes the tuning properties and retinotopic organization of FB inputs to V1.
  • To explore the plasticity rules governing FB connections compared to feedforward inputs.

Main Methods:

  • Dual-color two-photon imaging in mice.
  • Mice were reared with goggles restricting visual experience to specific orientations.
  • Analysis of orientation tuning and receptive field properties of lateromedial (LM) to V1 inputs.

Main Results:

  • Restricted visual experience biased LM input tuning and receptive field major axis toward experienced orientations.
  • Tuning-dependent retinotopic specificity of FB inputs varied with experienced orientations.
  • A computational model showed Hebbian plasticity for V1 inputs and anti-Hebbian plasticity for FB inputs could replicate findings.

Conclusions:

  • Visual experience instructs the functional properties and organization of FB inputs to V1.
  • Ascending and descending cortical pathways may follow distinct plasticity rules.
  • Cortical circuits can learn and encode environmental statistical regularities via these mechanisms.