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Related Concept Videos

Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Primary Active Transport01:29

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
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Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

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Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
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Primary Production01:06

Primary Production

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The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
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Primary Distribution01:28

Primary Distribution

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Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
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Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

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Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Induction of an Inflammatory Response in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures from Mice
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A brief guide to isolating primary hepatocytes from mice.

Jisoo Song1, Garam An2, Gwonhwa Song3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.

Molecules and Cells
|February 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers optimized a protocol for isolating primary hepatocytes from mice. This method improves cell yield and viability, aiding liver physiology and disease research.

Keywords:
Cell cultureLiverLiver perfusionMousePrimary hepatocyte

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Research

Background:

  • Primary hepatocytes are essential for studying liver physiology and disease.
  • Current isolation methods face challenges in achieving high cell viability due to technical complexity and cell fragility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an optimized protocol for isolating primary mouse hepatocytes.
  • To improve the yield and viability of isolated hepatocytes for research.

Main Methods:

  • Development and refinement of a hepatocyte isolation protocol.
  • Focus on key considerations to enhance cell survival and recovery.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high yield of primary hepatocytes.
  • Maintained high viability of isolated hepatocytes.
  • Provided a reliable method for liver research.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized protocol facilitates high-quality hepatocyte isolation.
  • This contributes to advancing liver-related biomedical research.
  • Enables more robust studies in liver physiology and pathology.