Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

697
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
697
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

1.1K
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
1.1K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

1.1K
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
1.1K
Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors01:27

Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

584
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
584
Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management01:26

Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management

355
Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
355
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

251
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
251

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect of probiotics derivatives (postbiotics and metabiotics) on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial (DELI_Diab study).

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease in Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Maternal-Fetal Outcomes, and Contemporary Management.

Cardiology in review·2026
Same author

Growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor alpha content in the retina of male Wistar rats in experimental diabetic retinopathy and the effect of cellular protein kinase blockade.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2025
Same author

Comparative analysis of plasma proteolytic profiles in multiple sclerosis patients with and without a history of COVID-19.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2025
Same author

Managing Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in the Digital Era: Overcoming Barriers to Lifestyle Change.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion Secondary to Coxsackie B Pericarditis.

Cureus·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
07:27

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome

Published on: January 23, 2026

181

Left Ventricular Noncompaction Syndrome.

Kateryna Strubchevska1, Olena Strubchevska2, Marko Kozyk3

  • 1From the Departments of Medicine, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.

Cardiology in Review
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a challenging heart muscle disease with debated classifications and a complex genetic basis. Its diagnostic criteria overlap with other conditions, complicating accurate identification and risk assessment.

Keywords:
CMRcardiomyopathyechocardiographygeneticsheart failureleft ventricular noncompaction

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
06:34

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

4.7K
Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Coronary Flow in Neonate Mice
07:55

Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Coronary Flow in Neonate Mice

Published on: April 7, 2022

3.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome
07:27

Robotic-assisted Left Pneumonectomy For Vanishing Lung Syndrome

Published on: January 23, 2026

181
Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
06:34

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography

Published on: October 28, 2020

4.7K
Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Coronary Flow in Neonate Mice
07:55

Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Ventricular Structure, Function, and Coronary Flow in Neonate Mice

Published on: April 7, 2022

3.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a primary cardiomyopathy affecting the left ventricle, with potential right ventricular or biventricular involvement.
  • It can co-occur with neuromuscular disorders, congenital heart defects, and chromosomal abnormalities.
  • Current classifications are debated, with differing views from major cardiovascular societies regarding its genetic or unclassified status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the classification challenges and diagnostic criteria of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC).
  • To discuss the genetic landscape and phenotypic overlap of LVNC with other cardiomyopathies.
  • To highlight the implications of diagnostic criteria in various physiological states.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and classification systems for LVNC.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria based on trabeculated to compacted myocardium ratio.
  • Examination of phenotypic overlap with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies.

Main Results:

  • LVNC classification remains controversial due to its heterogeneity and differing societal categorizations.
  • Diagnostic criteria for LVNC are found in individuals without cardiomyopathy, including athletes and pregnant women.
  • The genetic basis of LVNC is complex, with significant overlap with other cardiomyopathies.

Conclusions:

  • The traditional classification of LVNC is challenged by its complex genetics and diagnostic ambiguities.
  • Accurate diagnosis of LVNC requires careful consideration of its heterogeneous nature and potential overlap with other conditions.
  • Despite being often asymptomatic, LVNC carries risks including thromboembolic events, heart dysfunction, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death.