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Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale PFO: An Intervention Sequence
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Contemporary Management Strategies for Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Omar Seyam1, William H Frishman2, Wilbert S Aronow2

  • 1From the Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY.

Cardiology in Review
|February 13, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common heart defect in preterm infants. Treatment decisions are debated due to limited long-term evidence, with transcatheter closure emerging as an alternative.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a frequent congenital heart defect, particularly in premature infants.
  • The incidence of PDA correlates inversely with gestational age.
  • Debate persists regarding PDA treatment efficacy due to insufficient long-term outcome data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of transcatheter PDA closure as an alternative treatment.
  • To address the increasing comorbidities associated with PDA in extremely preterm survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on PDA interventions.
  • Analysis of outcomes for surgical ligation, medical management, and transcatheter closure.
  • Focus on extremely preterm newborns and associated comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Limited long-term benefits demonstrated for current PDA interventions.
  • Surgical ligation and cyclooxygenase inhibitors have been traditional treatments.
  • Transcatheter PDA closure is an emerging alternative gaining traction.

Conclusions:

  • Transcatheter PDA closure offers a potential alternative to traditional methods.
  • Further research is needed to establish long-term benefits and optimal use.
  • Improved survival of extremely preterm infants necessitates updated treatment strategies for PDA.

Keywords:
ibuprofenindomethacinpatent ductus arteriosustranscatheter closure

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