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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
Published on: February 8, 2019
Diagnostic Challenges and Modern Therapeutic Strategies in Giant Cell Arteritis
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Giant cell arteritis (GCA) represents one of the most diagnostically challenging systemic vasculitides, characterized by its heterogeneous clinical presentation, lack of pathognomonic features, and potential for devastating complications, with a special concern for irreversible vision loss. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence regarding the multifaceted diagnostic challenges in GCA, incorporating recent advances in classification criteria, imaging technologies, biomarker research, and emerging therapeutic strategies.
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