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Response Surface Methodology

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Real-Time Therapy Response Monitoring Using Surface Biomarkers on Circulating Tumor Cells.

Saloni Andhari1,2,3, Jaspreet Farmaha1, Ashutosh Vashisht1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer a real-time liquid biopsy alternative for cancer monitoring. Profiling CTC surface biomarkers like PD-L1 and HER2 aids treatment decisions and tracks minimal residual disease when tissue biopsies are difficult.

Keywords:
circulating tumor DNAcirculating tumor cellsminimal residual diseasesurface biomarkers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from tumors into the bloodstream.
  • CTCs serve as dynamic molecular biomarkers for cancer progression monitoring.
  • Tissue biopsies for biomarker profiling (e.g., PD-L1, HER2) are often inaccessible or inadequate, especially post-surgery or recurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the translational potential of CTC surface protein biomarkers for clinical applications.
  • To highlight CTCs as a real-time alternative for longitudinal tumor assessment.
  • To emphasize CTC profiling for guiding immunotherapy and monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD).

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in CTC detection methods (physical properties, surface markers like EpCAM).
  • Integration of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for molecular characterization of isolated CTCs.
  • Focus on profiling surface protein biomarkers (PD-L1, HER2, EGFR) on CTCs.

Main Results:

  • Emerging evidence suggests CTC counts and biomarker expression predict prognosis and therapeutic resistance.
  • CTCs enable repeated, longitudinal assessment of tumor phenotype and treatment response.
  • CTC biomarker profiling offers a clinically actionable approach for patient stratification.

Conclusions:

  • CTCs provide a valuable, non-invasive alternative to tissue biopsies for cancer biomarker profiling.
  • Longitudinal CTC analysis can guide immunotherapy decisions and monitor MRD effectively.
  • Translational potential of CTC surface biomarkers (PD-L1, HER2, EGFR) is significant for personalized cancer care.