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Updated: Feb 14, 2026
09:52
Isolated Hepatic Perfusion as a Treatment for Liver Metastases of Uveal Melanoma
Published on: January 25, 2015
13.9K
Current Treatment Standards for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Paweł Rogala1, Anna M Czarnecka1,2,3, Monika Dudzisz-Śledź1
1Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
Cancers
|February 13, 2026
Summary
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare but aggressive eye cancer with high metastatic risk. Liver-directed therapies offer the best outcomes for metastatic UM, while new systemic treatments like tebentafusp show promise.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, often arising in the choroid.
- Risk factors include UV radiation and genetic alterations; despite diagnostic advances, UM has a high metastatic risk and poor prognosis.
- This review focuses on epidemiology, clinical features, genetics, prognostic factors, and treatment of metastatic UM (mUM).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetic background, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic strategies for metastatic uveal melanoma.
- To analyze the efficacy of various systemic treatments, emphasizing liver-directed interventions and novel systemic therapies.
Main Methods:
- A structured literature review was performed.
- Epidemiological trends, genetic alterations, prognostic markers, clinical presentation, and therapeutic strategies were evaluated.
- Systemic treatment outcomes, particularly liver-directed therapies and emerging options, were analyzed.
Main Results:
- UM incidence increases with latitude in Europe; median age at diagnosis is 62.
- Genetic alterations are key prognostic indicators; local treatment failure rates range from 6.15% to 20.8%.
- Up to 70% of patients develop liver metastases, with poor prognosis (3-30 months survival); liver resection offers the best outcomes. Tebentafusp shows survival benefit in HLA-A*02:01-positive patients.
Conclusions:
- Metastatic UM is aggressive with limited options; liver-directed therapies are the primary treatment.
- Novel systemic therapies, including tebentafusp, offer promising advancements.
- Further research is essential to improve survival and treatment options for metastatic UM.
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