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Natural Bioactive Compounds Targeting FABP4 in Adipogenesis and Obesity: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Jan Sobczyński1, Filip Nowaczyński1,2, Katarzyna Smolińska3

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Summary

Natural compounds can regulate fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) to combat obesity-related metabolic decline. This review highlights plant and non-plant sources targeting FABP4 for improved metabolic health.

Keywords:
AMPKFABP4PPARγadipogenesisinflammationnatural productsobesityphytochemicals

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Health
  • Obesity Research
  • Nutraceuticals

Background:

  • FABP4 (fatty acid-binding protein 4) links obesity to inflammation and insulin resistance.
  • FABP4 modulates nuclear receptor signaling and inflammatory pathways in adipocytes and macrophages.
  • Dysregulated FABP4 contributes to adipose remodeling and systemic metabolic decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review preclinical evidence on natural bioactive compounds targeting FABP4.
  • To summarize compounds that regulate FABP4 expression and adipogenic programs.
  • To explore FABP4 as a therapeutic node for metabolic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies on adipogenesis and diet-induced obesity models.
  • Analysis of data from cell cultures (3T3-L1/OP9 adipocytes) and rodent studies.
  • Inclusion of alternative models and non-plant derived compounds.

Main Results:

  • Many plant-derived extracts and phytochemicals down-regulate FABP4 at mRNA and protein levels.
  • Observed effects include suppression of key adipogenic signaling pathways (PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP1c).
  • Natural compounds improved metabolic outcomes like reduced weight gain, adipocyte hypertrophy, steatosis, and improved serum lipids.

Conclusions:

  • FABP4 is a viable therapeutic target for metabolic diseases, with potential from both plant and non-plant natural sources.
  • Key translational challenges include standardization, bioavailability, and clinical validation.
  • Future research should focus on well-characterized compounds, targeted delivery, and robust clinical trials.