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Related Concept Videos

Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

68.2K
Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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What is the Endocrine System?00:46

What is the Endocrine System?

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The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.
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The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

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The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

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The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
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Structures of the Endocrine System00:59

Structures of the Endocrine System

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The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...
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What is Energy?04:10

What is Energy?

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The universe is composed of matter in different forms, and all forms of matter contain energy.  The different forms of energy on Earth originate from the Sun — the ultimate energy source. Plants capture light energy from the Sun, and, via the process of photosynthesis, convert it into chemical energy. This stored energy from plants can be harnessed in many ways. For example, eating plant products as food provides energy for our body to function, and burning wood or coal (fossilized...
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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Mindfulness in Motion MIM: An Onsite Mindfulness Based Intervention MBI for Chronically High Stress Work Environments to Increase Resiliency and Work Engagement
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Energy Allocation Resilience and Endocrine Integration.

Corey B Schuler1, Allison B Sayre2, Lara Zakaria3,4,5

  • 1Department of Nursing, Augsburg University, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resilience is a bioenergetic process, not just psychological. Stress impacts metabolic, endocrine, and immune systems through an Energy Allocation System (EAS), revealing coordinated energy governance.

Keywords:
energy allocationenergy governancehypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axishypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axishypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axisimmunometabolismmitochondrial reserve capacityresiliencestress physiologythyroid hormone metabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative physiology
  • Stress physiology
  • Bioenergetics

Background:

  • Resilience is often viewed as a psychological trait.
  • However, failures in resilience manifest across metabolic, endocrine, immune, and cognitive systems.
  • Existing research lacks an integrative framework for these multisystem stress responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine resilience as a bioenergetic property.
  • To propose an Energy Allocation System (EAS) framework.
  • To explain multisystem stress response patterns through coordinated energy governance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesizing evidence from endocrinology, mitochondrial biology, immunometabolism, and stress physiology.
  • Conceptualizing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), thyroid (HPT), and gonadal (HPG) axes as an energy-governance network.
  • Reviewing literature on endocrine reorganization and mitochondrial reserve capacity under stress.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial reserve capacity limits hormonal regulation of metabolism, immune tolerance, and recovery.
  • Predictable endocrine shifts occur during energetic strain, prioritizing glucocorticoids and suppressing anabolism.
  • These patterns represent adaptive energy conservation, not isolated organ dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • The EAS framework offers a unified view of resilience as coordinated energy governance.
  • This model links endocrine function to bioenergetic capacity and recovery.
  • Biomarkers and psychometric measures can reflect energetic allocation, aiding clinical interpretation.