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Updated: Feb 14, 2026
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Research in Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
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Flow Cytometry-Based Monitoring of Microbial Dynamics During Grape Must Fermentation Under Different Inoculation
Federico Sizzano1, Valentina Bianconi1, Eddy Dorsaz2
1Oenology Research Group, Division of Plant Production Systems, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 13, 2026
Summary
Flow cytometry (FCM) offers practical, near-real-time monitoring of microbial dynamics in winery-scale grape must fermentation. This method aids in assessing yeast and bacteria, supporting winemaking strategies and risk management.
Area of Science:
- Enology
- Microbiology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Winery-scale fermentation monitoring is crucial for wine quality.
- Traditional methods for microbial analysis can be time-consuming.
- Understanding microbial dynamics influences winemaking protocols.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate flow cytometry (FCM) for monitoring microbial populations during grape must fermentation.
- To compare FCM's effectiveness across different winemaking protocols.
- To assess FCM's utility for near-real-time insights in winemaking.
Main Methods:
- Application of flow cytometry (FCM) to monitor yeast viability and bacterial populations.
- Analysis of Pinot Noir grape must fermentation under three protocols: yeast inoculation, Pied-de-Cuve, and spontaneous.
- Amplicon-based DNA sequencing for microbial community characterization.
Main Results:
- FCM effectively assessed yeast viability and metabolic activity.
- Viable bacterial populations were detected and monitored during alcoholic fermentation.
- FCM patterns partially correlated with amplicon sequencing data, reflecting microbial community shifts.
- Protocol-specific effects on microbial dynamics were observed.
Conclusions:
- Flow cytometry (FCM) is a practical tool for real-time monitoring of microbial dynamics in winemaking.
- FCM provides valuable data for optimizing fermentation monitoring and risk management.
- The integration of FCM with sequencing offers comprehensive microbial insights.
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