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Dynamic simulation study on gas flooding mechanism based on level set method at the micro-nano scale.

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Microscopic gas flooding mechanisms for enhanced oil recovery were simulated. CO2 miscible and foam flooding achieved the lowest remaining oil, outperforming N2 and immiscible CO2 flooding.

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is vital for maximizing hydrocarbon extraction.
  • Microscopic mechanisms of gas flooding, particularly interfacial phenomena, require further elucidation.
  • Simulating complex porous media interactions is key to understanding EOR processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the microscale oil displacement mechanisms of various gas flooding techniques.
  • To analyze the impact of operational parameters on oil recovery efficiency.
  • To elucidate the interfacial changes driving oil displacement in porous media.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a realistic geometric model of porous media for microscale simulations.
  • Employed the level-set method to accurately track oil-gas interfaces during flooding.
  • Conducted dynamic simulations to analyze pressure, velocity, and remaining oil variations.

Main Results:

  • N2 and immiscible CO2 flooding left approximately 30% remaining oil.
  • CO2 miscible and foam flooding reduced remaining oil to about 10%.
  • Optimal foam flooding occurred at a 3:1 gas-liquid ratio and 0.02 surface tension, yielding the lowest residual oil.

Conclusions:

  • CO2 miscible and foam flooding demonstrate superior oil displacement efficiency compared to N2 and immiscible CO2.
  • Injection rate and foam properties significantly influence EOR performance.
  • Understanding microscale interfacial dynamics is crucial for optimizing gas flooding strategies.