Acquired Coagulation Factor XIII Deficiency With Spontaneous Splenic Rupture: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Rare Diseases
• Clinical Case Reports

Background:

• Coagulation factor XIII deficiency (FXIIID) is a rare inherited bleeding disorder.
• Clinical manifestations include ecchymosis and hematoma, often mimicking other conditions.
• Diagnosis is challenging due to atypical symptoms and normal routine coagulation tests.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the diagnosis and treatment of an elderly male patient with FXIIID.
• To highlight the importance of measuring FXIII activity in specific clinical scenarios.
• To emphasize individualized management strategies for FXIIID.

Main Methods:

• Detailed case report of an elderly male patient.
• Review of diagnostic challenges in FXIIID.
• Discussion of treatment and management approaches.

Main Results:

• The case highlights diagnostic difficulties of FXIIID.
• Successful diagnosis was achieved by assessing FXIII activity.
• Individualized treatment and management were crucial for the patient's outcome.

Conclusions:

• Testing FXIII activity is essential for diagnosing FXIIID in patients with spontaneous bleeding and normal coagulation parameters.
• Etiological investigation and personalized treatment are vital for managing FXIIID.
• This case underscores the need for increased awareness of FXIIID among clinicians.