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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

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Placental DNA methylation in caesarean sections - a pilot study.

Aneta Słabuszewska-Jóźwiak1, Marta Włodarczyk2, Michał Ciebiera3

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Summary

Elective caesarean sections (CS) without labor contractions significantly alter placental DNA methylation. This study also found differences in placental DNA methylation between male and female newborns delivered vaginally, but not via CS.

Keywords:
DNA methylationcaesarean sectionplacentapregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Obstetrics
  • Perinatal Health

Background:

  • Caesarean section (CS) is a prevalent global medical procedure.
  • CS is hypothesized to influence DNA methylation, potentially linking to infant immune-mediated diseases like diabetes.
  • Understanding CS's impact on placental epigenetics is crucial for infant health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between caesarean section and placental DNA methylation patterns.
  • To measure global DNA methylation in placental tissue across different delivery modes.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 111 healthy pregnant women at term.
  • Global DNA methylation was assessed using an ELISA-based kit in placental tissue.
  • Compared methylation levels between vaginal delivery, elective CS (ECS), and intrapartum CS groups.

Main Results:

  • Global DNA methylation was significantly lower in elective CS (3.02) compared to intrapartum CS (3.71) and vaginal deliveries (3.64).
  • No significant difference in methylation was observed between intrapartum CS and vaginal deliveries.
  • Placental DNA methylation showed sexual dimorphism in vaginal deliveries (males higher than females), but not in CS groups.

Conclusions:

  • Caesarean sections performed without preceding uterine contractions significantly impact placental global DNA methylation.
  • Sexual dimorphism in placental global DNA methylation was observed.
  • Further research on specific gene methylation is warranted to understand CS effects and sexual dimorphism in newborns.