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Pan-Arctic Peatlands Have Expanded During Recent Warming.

J Handley1, R E Fewster1,2,3, T G Sim4

  • 1Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

Global Change Biology
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Arctic peatlands are expanding rapidly, often over 1 meter per year since 1950, due to climate warming. This peatland expansion is ongoing and likely a pan-Arctic phenomenon, impacting carbon cycling.

Keywords:
Arctic peatlandscarbonenvironmental changelateral expansionpeatland extent

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Area of Science:

  • Earth Science
  • Climate Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • The fate of carbon in Arctic peatlands is uncertain due to climate change impacts on permafrost and carbon cycling.
  • Changes in Arctic peatland extent are poorly understood, limiting accurate terrestrial carbon storage predictions.
  • Pan-Arctic shifts in peatland extent could significantly alter the fate of terrestrial Arctic carbon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate lateral expansion of Arctic peatlands in response to recent warming.
  • Quantify the rate of this peatland expansion.
  • Determine regional variations in peatland expansion.

Main Methods:

  • Collected data from 12 peatland sites across European and Canadian Arctic transects.
  • Analyzed 91 peat cores using age-depth models constrained by 14C and 210Pb dating.
  • Examined peat cores from peat-edge to peat-centre across latitudinal gradients.

Main Results:

  • Peatlands have expanded, with some sites showing expansion rates exceeding 1 meter per year since 1950 AD.
  • New peat formation after 1990 AD was observed at two-thirds (8/12) of the studied sites.
  • Peatland expansion is ongoing and likely a pan-Arctic phenomenon, though regional factors like topography can impose constraints.

Conclusions:

  • Arctic peatlands are actively expanding, driven by recent warming.
  • This expansion has significant implications for the Arctic carbon cycle.
  • Further research is needed to estimate pan-Arctic peatland expansion and its full climate change implications.