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Variable Staphylothrombin Activity in Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections.

Gregory L Damhorst1,2, Madeline J Boulis1,2, Elizabeth B Nelson3

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Staphylococcus aureus coagulase activity varies significantly in bloodstream infections, impacting fibrin formation. This variability suggests host-pathogen interactions influence virulence and may inform new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusbloodstream infectioncoagulasefibrinstaphylothrombin

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Manipulation of host hemostasis is a key virulence factor for Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Clinical relevance of S. aureus coagulase activity and its variability in bloodstream infections remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenotypes of S. aureus coagulase activity in bloodstream infections.
  • To understand the variability of coagulase activity and its impact on virulence.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a high-throughput assay to measure staphylothrombin activity and bacterial growth fitness.
  • Used bacterial culture supernatant and human blood plasma to characterize fibrin formation and S. aureus replication.

Main Results:

  • Observed variable staphylothrombin activity among S. aureus isolates, with some showing slow or absent activity in specific plasma types.
  • Phenotypes were influenced by host-pathogen interactions, host plasma factors, and bacterial genetic modifications.

Conclusions:

  • Variable staphylothrombin phenotypes in S. aureus bloodstream infections have implications for treatment.
  • Findings may guide novel therapeutic approaches and clinical risk stratification for S. aureus infections.